Marine Invertebrate

Marine invertebrates are animals that live in the ocean and lack a backbone. They make up the vast majority of marine life and belong to various phyla, including:

1. Porifera (Sponges)

  • Simple, filter-feeding organisms
  • Lack true tissues and organs
  • Example: Barrel sponge

2. Cnidaria (Jellyfish, Corals, Sea Anemones, Hydrozoans)

  • Have stinging cells (nematocysts)
  • Radial symmetry
  • Examples: Moon jellyfish, sea anemone, coral polyps

3. Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Octopuses, Squids, Chitons)

  • Soft bodies, often with a calcium carbonate shell
  • Examples: Giant squid, blue-ringed octopus, abalone

4. Arthropoda (Crustaceans: Crabs, Lobsters, Shrimp, Barnacles)

  • Exoskeleton made of chitin
  • Jointed appendages
  • Examples: Horseshoe crab, mantis shrimp, krill

5. Echinodermata (Sea Stars, Sea Urchins, Sand Dollars, Sea Cucumbers)

  • Radial symmetry (adults)
  • Tube feet for movement
  • Examples: Crown-of-thorns starfish, red sea urchin

6. Annelida (Marine Worms: Polychaetes, Feather Duster Worms, Bobbit Worms)

  • Segmented bodies
  • Often have bristles (setae)
  • Example: Christmas tree worm

7. Bryozoa (Moss Animals)

  • Form colonies resembling coral
  • Filter feeders

8. Ctenophora (Comb Jellies)

  • Use cilia (comb rows) to move
  • Bioluminescent



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